Cattle Market Pulse

Tennessee Daily Cattle Auction Summary

Tennessee · USDA-reported Auction Livestock

Sale of Tuesday, June 17, 2025

2,188 head sold ·Official USDA report

This is an archived report. See the latest Tennessee Daily Cattle Auction Summary report →

light 5-weight M&L 1 steers $385.42/cwt -0.88 vs last sale · ≈ $1,979/hd at 514 lb · 80 head
heavy 5-weight M&L 1 steers $357.95/cwt +2.19 vs last sale · ≈ $2,079/hd at 581 lb · 66 head
heavy 4-weight M&L 1 heifers $339.34/cwt -27.52 vs last sale · ≈ $1,616/hd at 476 lb · 65 head
HeadThis saleLast saleLast year
Head itemized in priced lots 2,188 — —

New to these tables? Plain-English explainers ↓

Medium and Large 1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
205–235 219 4 490.00–510.00 $503.34 $1,102 -36.79
250 thin fleshed 250 1 565.00 $565.00 $1,412 —
250–295 273 12 430.00–515.00 $462.26 $1,262 -25.54
305–347 333 12 400.00–475.00 $424.80 $1,415 -5.14
350–390 368 9 407.50–445.00 $433.01 $1,593 +3.22
400–448 425 21 380.00–417.50 $402.76 $1,712 -1.02
431 value added 431 4 420.00 $420.00 $1,810 —
450–495 474 16 367.50–415.00 $385.63 $1,828 -17.87
472–488 value added 483 7 418.00–420.00 $418.56 $2,022 -1.44
502–520 value added 503 40 392.50–412.50 $393.01 $1,977 -3.28
500–546 524 40 358.00–402.50 $377.83 $1,980 +3.79
553–590 570 22 340.00–370.00 $355.96 $2,029 +4.86
552–594 value added 586 44 350.00–382.50 $358.95 $2,103 -11.26
600–648 620 44 330.00–350.00 $339.88 $2,107 +1.19
615–625 value added 620 2 345.00–350.00 $347.52 $2,155 -12.85
650 value added 650 1 345.00 $345.00 $2,242 +3.37
652–685 671 25 320.00–345.00 $328.43 $2,204 -3.48
705 value added 705 2 315.00 $315.00 $2,221 -13.06
700–735 710 11 307.50–325.00 $318.95 $2,265 -1.81
820–833 830 4 250.00–280.00 $257.41 $2,137 -41.59
832 value added 832 60 309.50 $309.50 $2,575 +2.53
862–890 868 5 257.50–281.00 $276.18 $2,397 —
922 value added 922 58 299.50 $299.50 $2,761 +15.25
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
240–245 243 2 415.00–445.00 $430.15 $1,045 —
275 275 1 400.00 $400.00 $1,100 —
270–295 283 6 410.00–430.00 $419.19 $1,186 —
295 thin fleshed 295 1 440.00 $440.00 $1,298 —
310–340 328 6 400.00–415.00 $405.93 $1,331 —
330 thin fleshed 330 1 465.00 $465.00 $1,534 —
350 thin fleshed 350 1 420.00 $420.00 $1,470 —
350–395 365 8 395.00–410.00 $401.16 $1,464 —
410–430 419 4 380.00–415.00 $391.13 $1,639 —
450 thin fleshed 450 1 405.00 $405.00 $1,822 —
450–495 481 9 370.00–390.00 $382.44 $1,840 —
505–546 534 27 362.50–380.00 $374.25 $1,998 —
550–595 582 10 335.00–350.00 $343.96 $2,002 —
568–589 value added 582 6 355.00–365.00 $358.25 $2,085 —
605–635 thin fleshed 620 2 335.00 $335.00 $2,077 —
625–628 628 6 305.00 $305.00 $1,915 -15.00
615–645 633 16 310.00–330.00 $321.74 $2,037 +1.74
655–690 668 11 305.00–317.50 $314.20 $2,099 —
703–740 712 4 300.00–310.00 $307.40 $2,189 —
765 765 1 285.00 $285.00 $2,180 —
850 850 1 275.00 $275.00 $2,338 —
930 930 1 250.00 $250.00 $2,325 —
955 955 1 245.00 $245.00 $2,340 —
Medium and Large 2-3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
295 295 2 365.00 $365.00 $1,077 —
300–341 326 11 275.00–385.00 $351.94 $1,147 —
350–395 381 11 345.00–385.00 $371.21 $1,414 —
408–425 415 11 325.00–370.00 $349.50 $1,450 —
455–495 469 7 325.00–365.00 $355.11 $1,665 —
500–535 514 5 325.00–355.00 $339.22 $1,744 —
550–595 577 6 300.00–340.00 $320.68 $1,850 —
610 610 1 290.00 $290.00 $1,769 —
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
200–240 220 2 420.00–450.00 $436.36 $960 +8.73
300–320 310 4 320.00–420.00 $386.85 $1,199 -2.41
355–385 373 3 360.00–385.00 $376.41 $1,404 +18.14
400–445 416 7 315.00–390.00 $355.02 $1,477 -8.79
450–495 481 5 302.50–355.00 $332.14 $1,598 -25.06
500–540 515 10 305.00–350.00 $330.46 $1,702 -25.80
585 585 1 320.00 $320.00 $1,872 -13.83
605–625 616 5 250.00–327.50 $300.19 $1,849 -5.98
650 650 1 317.50 $317.50 $2,064 +17.50
745 745 1 300.00 $300.00 $2,235 —
Small 1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
250 250 1 350.00 $350.00 $875 —
495 495 1 317.50 $317.50 $1,572 —
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
310 310 1 300.00 $300.00 $930 —
Small 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
450 450 1 290.00 $290.00 $1,305 —

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Medium and Large 1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
200–220 210 2 430.00–500.00 $463.33 $973 —
230 thin fleshed 230 1 485.00 $485.00 $1,116 —
255 thin fleshed 255 1 430.00 $430.00 $1,096 —
250–295 270 4 370.00–400.00 $384.42 $1,038 -43.91
325 thin fleshed 325 1 420.00 $420.00 $1,365 —
305–345 326 15 370.00–410.00 $389.03 $1,268 -23.10
350–398 374 25 350.00–390.00 $376.77 $1,409 -30.09
375–395 value added 383 7 395.00–410.00 $402.76 $1,543 —
400 thin fleshed 400 1 390.00 $390.00 $1,560 —
400–431 value added 425 34 370.00–415.00 $378.56 $1,609 -43.44
400–445 426 22 340.00–380.00 $355.53 $1,515 -22.05
420–445 435 3 320.00–325.00 $323.31 $1,406 -54.27
450–497 470 35 320.00–360.00 $344.92 $1,621 -13.15
470–475 472 5 320.00–325.00 $321.99 $1,520 -36.08
486 value added 486 25 335.00 $335.00 $1,628 -49.45
500–545 527 53 307.50–345.00 $332.69 $1,753 -16.28
525–535 530 2 310.00–315.00 $312.52 $1,656 -36.45
530 value added 530 3 352.50 $352.50 $1,868 -9.08
563 value added 563 4 342.50 $342.50 $1,928 +3.43
550–596 574 36 300.00–335.00 $322.89 $1,853 -2.81
575 575 1 315.00 $315.00 $1,811 -10.70
600–648 625 30 270.00–317.50 $299.91 $1,874 -15.69
650 value added 650 1 292.50 $292.50 $1,901 -19.50
650–682 663 17 270.00–292.50 $277.36 $1,839 -12.24
715 value added 715 1 279.00 $279.00 $1,995 -13.06
700–742 725 12 250.00–275.00 $264.82 $1,920 -16.54
835 835 1 235.00 $235.00 $1,962 -32.50
855 855 1 230.00 $230.00 $1,966 —
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
263–295 273 4 360.00–390.00 $377.75 $1,031 —
310–335 thin fleshed 323 2 390.00–400.00 $395.19 $1,276 —
330–345 335 8 360.00–385.00 $366.25 $1,227 —
365 365 2 310.00 $310.00 $1,132 —
360–385 372 3 330.00–335.00 $333.27 $1,240 —
355–395 373 9 350.00–375.00 $367.78 $1,372 —
383–385 thin fleshed 384 3 395.00–400.00 $398.33 $1,530 —
400–410 thin fleshed 405 8 380.00–385.00 $383.73 $1,554 —
400–445 418 6 350.00–375.00 $360.78 $1,508 —
415–420 418 3 340.00 $340.00 $1,421 —
450–473 thin fleshed 459 9 370.00–377.00 $374.04 $1,717 —
450–497 476 27 335.00–365.00 $346.39 $1,649 —
470–490 477 3 300.00–325.00 $316.78 $1,511 —
500–511 value added 510 8 345.00–355.00 $346.23 $1,766 —
500–540 518 4 290.00–315.00 $305.99 $1,585 —
500–546 524 22 325.00–340.00 $333.05 $1,745 —
550–585 566 19 320.00–340.00 $330.25 $1,869 —
555–595 578 5 310.00–315.00 $311.99 $1,803 —
600–630 620 7 320.00–340.00 $331.49 $2,055 —
613–640 624 10 310.00–312.50 $310.98 $1,941 —
660–695 672 12 275.00–295.00 $282.91 $1,901 —
670–685 680 3 265.00–270.00 $268.36 $1,825 —
705–730 714 5 280.00–290.00 $284.00 $2,028 —
800 800 1 260.00 $260.00 $2,080 —
850 850 1 220.00 $220.00 $1,870 —
920 920 1 240.00 $240.00 $2,208 —
955–970 965 3 200.00–235.00 $223.45 $2,156 —
Medium and Large 2-3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
250–295 276 9 305.00–375.00 $344.06 $950 —
300–340 319 6 325.00–370.00 $345.51 $1,102 —
353–396 378 10 290.00–335.00 $320.84 $1,213 —
405–440 423 8 285.00–335.00 $316.17 $1,337 —
450–485 459 11 260.00–340.00 $319.30 $1,466 —
500–545 522 9 265.00–325.00 $301.87 $1,576 —
560–595 575 4 305.00–310.00 $307.49 $1,768 —
615–641 637 7 275.00–298.00 $291.53 $1,857 —
655–680 665 4 225.00–270.00 $258.50 $1,719 —
735 735 1 265.00 $265.00 $1,948 —
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
230–235 233 2 330.00–355.00 $342.37 $798 -20.13
300–340 320 4 300.00–357.50 $342.73 $1,097 -25.64
355–390 366 11 320.00–365.00 $346.74 $1,269 -5.85
420–435 426 4 330.00–340.00 $332.46 $1,416 -10.40
455–495 482 8 275.00–335.00 $314.89 $1,518 -21.09
508–548 531 13 240.00–322.50 $306.45 $1,627 -23.08
550–596 573 9 280.00–305.00 $292.83 $1,678 -10.66
620–637 632 6 232.50–280.00 $261.80 $1,655 -42.92
650–695 672 6 220.00–280.00 $248.91 $1,673 -7.33
712–735 720 3 240.00–245.00 $241.70 $1,740 +36.32
780 780 1 242.50 $242.50 $1,892 —
840 840 1 222.50 $222.50 $1,869 -14.50
Small 1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
480 480 1 262.50 $262.50 $1,260 —
515 515 1 295.00 $295.00 $1,519 —
570 570 1 250.00 $250.00 $1,425 —
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
370 370 1 302.50 $302.50 $1,119 —

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Medium and Large 1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
240 240 1 490.00 $490.00 $1,176 —
270–295 280 7 400.00–450.00 $414.69 $1,161 —
325 thin fleshed 325 1 445.00 $445.00 $1,446 —
300–345 327 9 395.00–420.00 $405.56 $1,326 -33.71
360 360 2 370.00 $370.00 $1,332 -21.61
355–395 382 24 380.00–442.50 $404.35 $1,545 +12.74
405 thin fleshed 405 1 445.00 $445.00 $1,802 —
400–445 420 34 370.00–410.00 $390.43 $1,640 +5.50
415–445 430 2 360.00 $360.00 $1,548 -24.93
450–480 463 5 340.00–367.50 $353.47 $1,637 -15.47
450–495 477 28 360.00–400.00 $372.44 $1,777 +3.50
500–545 524 30 332.50–390.00 $359.48 $1,884 +4.82
530 530 1 337.50 $337.50 $1,789 -17.16
550–595 577 28 330.00–360.00 $342.53 $1,976 +0.39
585 585 1 275.00 $275.00 $1,609 -67.14
605–620 613 2 300.00 $300.00 $1,839 -20.92
600–645 616 17 312.50–342.50 $322.96 $1,989 +2.04
650–675 661 7 292.50–325.00 $310.83 $2,055 +7.71
705–710 708 2 265.00–272.50 $268.74 $1,903 -31.08
715–735 723 10 280.00–297.50 $287.73 $2,080 -12.09
755–775 765 3 230.00–285.00 $261.49 $2,000 -22.28
810–835 826 4 217.00–270.00 $247.81 $2,047 +7.02
855 855 1 190.00 $190.00 $1,624 -66.09
915 915 1 245.00 $245.00 $2,242 +15.00
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
353–395 375 10 360.00–400.00 $373.52 $1,401 —
400–435 419 18 350.00–400.00 $367.71 $1,541 —
450–485 470 10 360.00–385.00 $373.82 $1,757 —
500–545 523 14 330.00–365.00 $343.90 $1,799 —
553–595 569 17 300.00–340.00 $325.01 $1,849 —
615–643 636 9 280.00–300.00 $288.32 $1,834 —
650–690 665 11 265.00–295.00 $278.05 $1,849 —
700–735 719 4 245.00–270.00 $261.31 $1,879 —
750–795 773 5 235.00–255.00 $243.05 $1,879 —
805–820 813 2 245.00 $245.00 $1,992 —
895 895 1 235.00 $235.00 $2,103 —
910–930 920 2 230.00–240.00 $234.95 $2,162 —
950 950 1 245.00 $245.00 $2,328 —
1035 1035 1 210.00 $210.00 $2,174 —
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
290 290 2 390.00 $390.00 $1,131 -90.00
345 345 1 380.00 $380.00 $1,311 -34.29
360–385 370 9 350.00–400.00 $375.39 $1,389 +27.94
405–445 421 7 300.00–385.00 $351.38 $1,479 +15.79
455–490 473 7 295.00–355.00 $329.98 $1,561 -15.25
500–545 516 7 280.00–335.00 $312.48 $1,612 -30.56
555–590 575 4 265.00–325.00 $305.88 $1,759 -3.38
605–645 625 5 257.50–310.00 $284.72 $1,780 +19.42
665–695 683 4 280.00–292.50 $284.43 $1,943 +14.43
720 720 2 225.00–277.50 $251.25 $1,809 —
750 750 1 250.00 $250.00 $1,875 —
815–820 818 2 222.50–225.00 $223.75 $1,830 +26.73
900–910 905 2 217.50 $217.50 $1,968 —
Medium and Large 2-3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
330 330 1 365.00 $365.00 $1,204 —
365 365 1 350.00 $350.00 $1,278 —
420–445 426 6 300.00–340.00 $328.90 $1,401 —
450–495 475 5 260.00–350.00 $304.56 $1,447 —
500–533 522 3 270.00–320.00 $285.96 $1,493 —
555–590 573 6 270.00–290.00 $280.77 $1,609 —
605 605 2 270.00 $270.00 $1,634 —
650–695 673 4 240.00–260.00 $255.06 $1,717 —
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
1470 1470 Young (2-4 yrs)N/A 1 3,350.00 $3,350.00 —
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
440 440 1 325.00 $325.00 $1,430 —

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Boner ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
940–1875 1228 80-85% 26 130.00–159.00 $149.12 $1,831 -22.18
905–1790 1264 80-85% 118 148.00–175.00 $163.44 $2,066 —
1005–1555 1290 80-85% 50 160.00–196.00 $179.48 $2,315 —
1695 1695 80-85% 1 125.00 $125.00 $2,119 —
Breaker ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
1070–1825 1476 75-80% 28 167.00–196.00 $183.48 $2,708 —
1190–1820 1510 75-80% 37 153.00–179.00 $162.50 $2,454 +11.33
1505–2060 1723 75-80% 5 145.00–165.00 $153.96 $2,653 —
Lean ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
780–1390 1095 85-90% 21 110.00–138.00 $127.28 $1,394 -6.92
865–1510 1121 85-90% 29 126.00–153.00 $144.44 $1,619 —
910–1585 1172 85-90% 17 145.00–160.00 $153.48 $1,799 +36.48
1235 1235 85-90% 1 110.00 $110.00 $1,358 —

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YG1 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
1225–1975 1571 7 170.00–184.50 $175.86 $2,763 —
1290–2485 1748 16 180.00–204.00 $189.26 $3,308 —
1530–2150 1798 13 200.00–221.00 $212.60 $3,823 +33.75

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
1015–1370 1200 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 6 2,250.00–2,800.00 $2,430.42
1205 1205 Young (2-4 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 3,000.00 $3,000.00
1035–1520 1248 Aged (>8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 3 1,800.00–2,550.00 $2,160.01
1185–1345 1272 Aged (>8 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 3 1,775.00–2,200.00 $2,000.62
1315 1315 Young (2-4 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 2,875.00 $2,875.00
1425 1425 Aged (>8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 2,500.00 $2,500.00
1315–1545 1430 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 2 2,375.00–2,400.00 $2,388.51
Medium and Large 2-3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
890–975 933 Young (2-4 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 2 1,425.00–1,700.00 $1,568.77
990 990 Aged (>8 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 1 1,750.00 $1,750.00
1065–1098 1087 Aged (>8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 3 1,900.00–2,150.00 $2,068.35
1228 1228 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 2 2,050.00 $2,050.00
1290–1310 1300 Aged (>8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 2 2,200.00–2,325.00 $2,262.02
1425 1425 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 1 2,050.00 $2,050.00
1120–1620 1438 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 4 2,375.00–2,500.00 $2,447.13
Medium and Large 1 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
1250 1250 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 3,050.00 $3,050.00

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Medium and Large 2-3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
820–840 830 (<2 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 2 1,900.00–2,000.00 $1,949.40
860 860 (<2 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 1,750.00 $1,750.00
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
900 900 (<2 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 1 2,400.00 $2,400.00
930 930 Young (2-4 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 2,080.00 $2,080.00

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
860 860 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 3,400.00 $3,400.00 —
790–1000 895 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 2 2,600.00–2,950.00 $2,795.53 —
990–1160 1075 Aged (>8 yrs)Open 2 2,500.00–3,150.00 $2,850.70 -474.30
— — Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 2,900.00 $2,900.00 —
— — Aged (>8 yrs)Open 2 2,700.00 $2,700.00 —
— — Young (2-4 yrs)Open 4 3,550.00–3,650.00 $3,600.00 —
— — Young (2-4 yrs)Open 2 2,450.00–3,500.00 $2,975.00 —
— — Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 2 2,600.00–2,650.00 $2,625.00 —
— — Aged (>8 yrs)Open 4 2,075.00 $2,075.00 —
— — Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 2 2,650.00–2,675.00 $2,662.50 —
— — Aged (>8 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 2 3,200.00 $3,200.00 —
Medium and Large 2-3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
1035 1035 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 2,450.00 $2,450.00 +300.00
1010–1085 1048 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 2 2,575.00–2,800.00 $2,683.47 +533.47
1335 1335 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 2,700.00 $2,700.00 —

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N/N/A ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
1030–1300 1128 85-90% 3 127.00–129.00 $128.01 $1,444 —
1400–1410 1405 85-90% 2 139.00–140.00 $139.50 $1,960 —

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What does "Medium and Large 1" mean?

USDA feeder grades describe frame size and muscle thickness, not quality of the individual animal. "Medium and Large" is the frame score; the number is muscle (1 = heaviest muscled). "Medium and Large 1–2" pens mix both muscle scores — common across the Southeast.

What is $/cwt?

Dollars per hundredweight — per 100 lb of animal. A 500-lb calf at $450/cwt brings 5 × $450 = $2,250. Lighter cattle usually bring more per cwt but less per head.

Why are some prices per head?

Bred cows, cow-calf pairs, and some replacement classes sell by the head, not by weight. We show those exactly as USDA reports them — a $/head figure is never converted into $/cwt on this site.

Where do these numbers come from?

From the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service's Livestock Market News — federal reporters at the sale. We publish each report in full and link the official USDA document at the top of the page.