Cattle Market Pulse

South Carolina Weekly Livestock Auction Summary

South Carolina · USDA-reported Auction Livestock

Sale of Monday, May 22, 2023

2,481 head sold ·Official USDA report

This is an archived report. See the latest South Carolina Weekly Livestock Auction Summary report →

light 4-weight M&L 1-2 steers $239.48/cwt +6.88 vs last sale · ≈ $1,005/hd at 420 lb · 52 head
heavy 3-weight M&L 1-2 steers $238.56/cwt +19.38 vs last sale · ≈ $886/hd at 372 lb · 51 head
light 5-weight M&L 2 heifers $184.48/cwt +6.84 vs last sale · ≈ $969/hd at 525 lb · 46 head
HeadThis saleLast saleLast year
Total receipts 2,481 2,724 2,823
Feeder cattle 1,543 1,725 1,754
Slaughter cattle 391 407 510
Replacement cattle 90 143 215

Compared to last week feeder steers were 5.00 higher, feeder heifers were 4.00 higher, feeder bulls were 6.00 higher, slaughter cows were 5.00 higher, slaughter bulls were steady.

New to these tables? Plain-English explainers ↓

Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
225 fancy 225 1 245.00 $245.00 $551
200–245 226 6 200.00–235.00 $220.48 $498 +4.51
250–288 271 12 210.00–252.50 $221.78 $601 +2.72
300–345 fancy 322 18 250.00–280.00 $264.53 $852 +29.64
300–345 322 14 215.00–245.00 $230.96 $744 +16.79
350–390 fancy 370 24 240.00–272.50 $257.76 $954 +21.64
350–395 373 27 202.00–245.00 $221.50 $826 +6.81
400–440 fancy 412 24 245.00–270.00 $254.62 $1,049 +20.45
400–445 426 28 200.00–245.00 $226.51 $965 +3.91
450–458 value added 457 9 260.00–262.50 $262.23 $1,198 +15.41
450–485 fancy 470 10 230.00–257.50 $250.63 $1,178 +19.44
450–495 473 24 200.00–240.00 $225.16 $1,065 +5.46
500–545 fancy 517 10 230.00–247.50 $240.96 $1,246
500–548 526 23 200.00–225.00 $216.75 $1,140 +3.40
550–575 fancy 565 8 230.00–245.00 $238.83 $1,349 +17.62
550–595 568 19 200.00–225.00 $214.43 $1,218 +2.03
600–648 622 11 195.00–225.00 $209.73 $1,305 +12.21
650–673 662 4 190.00–215.00 $198.60 $1,315 +6.10
715–720 719 5 190.00–200.00 $196.21 $1,411 +15.21
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
200–230 210 7 185.00–215.00 $198.79 $417 +8.79
260–295 280 8 180.00–210.00 $194.96 $546 -4.22
300–345 326 11 185.00–215.00 $202.78 $661 +9.93
370–395 390 14 190.00–220.00 $197.15 $769 +3.06
400 fancy 400 1 205.00 $205.00 $820
405–430 411 8 189.00–210.00 $193.28 $794 +6.52
470 fancy 470 1 200.00 $200.00 $940
460–490 480 6 180.00–210.00 $190.72 $915 +3.51
500–535 519 6 180.00–185.00 $183.84 $954 -5.44
550–595 567 3 182.50–200.00 $191.66 $1,087 +0.97
605–635 625 6 170.00–197.50 $187.37 $1,171 +5.51
655–695 682 8 177.00–189.00 $183.02 $1,248 +4.73
685 fancy 685 2 177.50 $177.50 $1,216
Small 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
205–240 222 3 175.00–190.00 $181.95 $404 +0.78
275–285 278 4 170.00–185.00 $179.91 $500 +9.91
330 330 1 185.00 $185.00 $610 +7.68
390 390 1 180.00 $180.00 $702 +2.12
420 420 1 175.00 $175.00 $735 +3.72
460 460 2 180.00 $180.00 $828 +10.00
520 520 1 175.00 $175.00 $910 +5.05
585 585 1 170.00 $170.00 $994 -2.12
685–695 692 3 147.50–177.50 $157.55 $1,090 -9.95
720 720 1 177.50 $177.50 $1,278 +15.00
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
330–345 338 2 150.00–170.00 $160.22 $542 +3.12
360–395 378 2 155.00–170.00 $162.85 $616 +1.75
440 440 1 160.00 $160.00 $704 +2.56
525 525 1 160.00 $160.00 $840 +2.43
595 595 1 165.00 $165.00 $982 +10.04
610 610 1 155.00 $155.00 $946 +5.00

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
210 210 1 190.00 $190.00 $399 -7.78
260–295 274 6 200.00–217.50 $207.14 $568 +12.50
310–335 fancy 321 5 215.00–225.00 $217.09 $697 +4.50
300–345 324 15 190.00–220.00 $206.78 $670 +11.05
355–395 fancy 366 7 215.00–225.00 $218.92 $801 +8.92
350–395 378 30 200.00–222.50 $208.33 $787 +11.01
400–413 fancy 406 7 215.00–222.00 $217.33 $882 +9.09
400–445 421 32 190.00–215.00 $201.77 $849 +2.05
450–495 470 28 190.00–212.50 $201.91 $949 +8.62
500 fancy 500 1 220.00 $220.00 $1,100 +14.48
500–535 516 33 192.50–210.00 $202.36 $1,044 +7.83
550–590 569 12 190.00–201.00 $193.11 $1,099 +0.12
600–610 605 3 183.00–193.00 $186.99 $1,131 +1.99
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
210–240 230 4 185.00–190.00 $187.58 $431 +4.66
285 285 1 185.00 $185.00 $527 +2.14
300–330 318 5 180.00–195.00 $188.11 $598 +6.07
345 fancy 345 1 180.00 $180.00 $621
350–395 379 7 180.00–195.00 $186.44 $707 +4.10
410–445 423 23 175.00–195.00 $185.62 $785 +3.22
455–495 478 18 173.00–195.00 $183.46 $877 +3.20
505–546 525 46 177.00–190.00 $184.48 $969 +6.84
555–595 575 13 169.00–187.50 $176.58 $1,015 -2.28
620–645 632 5 160.00–180.00 $170.66 $1,079 +3.90
650–690 656 13 160.00–174.00 $171.85 $1,127 +1.88
Small 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
210 210 1 175.00 $175.00 $368 +10.00
255–270 265 3 160.00–170.00 $166.79 $442 -4.06
315–340 328 2 165.00–175.00 $170.19 $558 -0.09
385 385 2 165.00–185.00 $175.00 $674 +7.17
400–440 418 4 160.00–175.00 $166.08 $694 -3.34
450–495 481 7 160.00–175.00 $169.32 $814 +4.85
500–545 520 11 160.00–177.50 $167.12 $869 +3.44
550–595 572 3 130.00–170.00 $152.92 $875 -3.92
615–630 624 5 155.00–177.50 $165.44 $1,032 +0.62
660–685 667 7 150.00–175.00 $155.73 $1,039 -0.77
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
200–245 225 6 150.00–170.00 $162.78 $366
270–275 273 2 155.00–167.50 $161.19 $440 +7.38
335 335 1 160.00 $160.00 $536 +5.11
360–385 373 2 150.00–155.00 $152.58 $569 -0.84
405–440 422 6 150.00–155.00 $153.36 $647 -0.48
455–480 468 4 140.00–165.00 $154.28 $722 +5.32
510–540 523 6 150.00–175.00 $157.42 $823 +12.73
555–590 567 3 150.00–155.00 $153.37 $870 +10.94
625 625 1 125.00 $125.00 $781 -9.30
665–670 668 2 140.00–150.00 $144.98 $968
Small 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
420 420 1 120.00 $120.00 $504

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
405–410 value added 408 2 230.00–240.00 $235.03 $959
400–440 424 30 195.00–235.00 $208.78 $885 -2.27
400–445 fancy 430 12 215.00–270.00 $228.66 $983 +2.69
450–495 fancy 469 7 215.00–222.50 $217.95 $1,022 -3.26
450–495 474 28 190.00–230.00 $211.88 $1,004 +7.19
505–515 fancy 510 2 230.00 $230.00 $1,173 +6.05
500–540 524 21 195.00–225.00 $210.78 $1,104 +10.23
550–590 566 12 200.00–217.00 $208.21 $1,178 +6.68
566 566 4 179.00 $179.00 $1,013 -22.53
610–630 618 5 195.00–210.00 $203.10 $1,255 +12.30
655–674 667 7 187.50–210.00 $193.90 $1,293
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
405–445 426 6 185.00–210.00 $193.99 $826 +8.04
455–495 479 9 180.00–200.00 $187.29 $897 +0.22
500–545 516 15 180.00–195.00 $184.47 $952 +0.62
550–590 571 14 180.00–197.00 $187.80 $1,072 +2.83
580 value added 580 2 195.00 $195.00 $1,131
600–645 623 9 170.00–190.00 $181.38 $1,130 -0.01
650–695 664 8 168.00–180.00 $173.11 $1,149 -1.98
700–745 722 7 170.00–177.50 $171.79 $1,240
Small 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
405–445 419 6 150.00–180.00 $169.22 $709 -1.76
455–495 480 5 150.00–165.00 $156.84 $753 -15.67
500–545 523 2 150.00 $150.00 $784 -20.47
555–590 569 7 150.00–175.00 $161.56 $919 -6.93
605–620 615 3 140.00–177.50 $163.22 $1,004 +1.90
665–670 666 4 161.00–174.00 $170.73 $1,137 +7.85
715–725 720 3 151.00–177.50 $160.77 $1,158
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
485–490 487 3 150.00–165.00 $156.66 $763 +1.72
510–545 525 3 150.00–160.00 $155.03 $814
620–645 633 2 140.00–145.00 $142.55 $902 -7.45
685 685 1 160.00 $160.00 $1,096
710–725 718 2 102.50–165.00 $133.42 $958

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Boner ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
840–1345 1108 80-85% 28 72.00–98.00 $85.81 $951
815–1755 1225 80-85% 121 90.00–119.00 $105.65 $1,294 -8.82
1225–1685 1351 80-85% 11 115.00–123.00 $118.21 $1,597
Lean ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
610–1170 861 85-90% 39 67.00–86.00 $78.28 $674
685–1540 964 85-90% 40 86.00–115.00 $95.14 $917 +17.49
1365 1365 85-90% 1 106.00 $106.00 $1,447
Breaker ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Dressing Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
1105–1560 1374 75-80% 4 111.00–118.00 $116.31 $1,598
1180–1810 1478 75-80% 18 91.00–112.00 $104.21 $1,540 +2.26
1610–2030 1786 75-80% 6 76.00–99.00 $87.34 $1,560

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YG1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
1045–1700 1368 5 95.00–112.00 $104.31 $1,427
1065–2090 1630 18 111.00–137.00 $120.31 $1,961
1470–1845 1677 5 124.00–139.00 $133.96 $2,247

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hd
655–800 738 (<2 yrs)Open 11 133.00–150.00 $139.43 $1,029
Small 1-2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hd
600–765 663 (<2 yrs)Open 3 120.00–130.00 $126.86 $841
825 825 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 106.00 $106.00 $874
845 845 Aged (>8 yrs)Open 1 76.00 $76.00 $642
955 955 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 86.00 $86.00 $821
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hd
600–1010 805 (<2 yrs)Open 2 117.00–127.00 $120.73 $972
840 840 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 85.00 $85.00 $714
925 925 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 94.00 $94.00 $870
Medium and Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hd
875 875 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 75.00 $75.00 $656
Small 3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
750 750 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 480.00 $480.00

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Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
1080–1270 1152 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 7 1,080.00–1,600.00 $1,360.20
1045–1325 1185 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 2 1,400.00–1,430.00 $1,413.23
1270 1270 Young (2-4 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 1 1,245.00 $1,245.00
Medium and Large 2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
700 700 Young (2-4 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 1,010.00 $1,010.00
1030–1095 1063 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 2 965.00–1,050.00 $1,008.80
1020–1235 1088 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 6 975.00–1,200.00 $1,036.48
Small 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
795 795 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 800.00 $800.00
770–840 810 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 3 625.00–925.00 $755.70
820–865 837 Young (2-4 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 3 750.00–790.00 $763.78
1105 1105 Young (2-4 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 880.00 $880.00
Small 2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
765–810 788 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 2 600.00–640.00 $620.57
Small 3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $
685 685 Aged (>8 yrs)1st Stage (1-3 mo) 1 510.00 $510.00
700 700 Aged (>8 yrs)2nd Stage (4-6 mo) 1 500.00 $500.00
Medium and Large 2 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hd
1085 1085 Young (2-4 yrs)3rd Stage (7-9 mo) 1 88.00 $88.00 $955

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N/N/A ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
106–185 126 9 50.00–67.50 $57.31 $72 -24.06
105–195 146 60 40.00–95.00 $67.70 $99 +12.81
130–180 155 2 20.00–45.00 $34.52 $54 +2.02
203–270 225 22 61.00–87.50 $66.38 $149 -11.86
210–298 275 6 31.00–67.50 $51.61 $142
275 275 1 35.00 $35.00 $96
325–330 328 2 75.00–80.00 $77.52 $254 +20.82
330–390 349 6 55.00–65.00 $60.04 $210 +3.34

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N/N/A ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
390 390 1 65.00 $65.00 $254
590 590 1 2.00 $2.00 $12
650 650 1 2.00 $2.00 $13

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
50 50 1 70.00 $70.00 -190.00
70 70 1 125.00 $125.00 -40.00
70 70 7 85.00–105.00 $90.00 -75.00
70–75 71 5 160.00–300.00 $194.00 +29.00
80 80 1 125.00 $125.00 +20.00
80 80 4 170.00–190.00 $181.25 +76.25
100 100 1 90.00 $90.00 -65.00
100–110 105 2 110.00–140.00 $125.00 -73.00
100–140 111 9 160.00–280.00 $225.56 +27.56
150–175 156 4 220.00–360.00 $287.50 +127.50
200 200 1 280.00 $280.00

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Small 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
605–895 753 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 6 800.00–1,050.00 $923.79 -76.21
770–795 783 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 2 1,045.00–1,115.00 $1,080.56 +80.56
810–850 828 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 3 900.00–980.00 $926.08 +51.08
Medium and Large 1-2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
900–1240 1037 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 3 1,410.00–2,425.00 $1,909.82
1010–1120 1050 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 3 1,175.00–1,700.00 $1,433.81
1120–1310 1168 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 4 1,500.00–2,585.00 $2,280.64
Medium and Large 2 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
855–910 883 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 2 1,030.00–1,075.00 $1,051.80
905–935 920 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 2 1,160.00–1,230.00 $1,195.57 -346.99
1075 1075 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 1,150.00 $1,150.00 +56.16
Medium and Large 3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
970 970 Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Open 1 940.00 $940.00
Small 3 ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
860 860 Aged (>8 yrs)Open 1 830.00 $830.00

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Large 3 ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
486 486 62 142.00 $142.00 $690

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
80 80 Middle Aged (4-6 yrs)Open 1 240.00 $240.00 +63.75
100 100 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 300.00 $300.00 +120.00

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
10 10 1 25.00 $25.00 -23.20
20–25 23 3 15.00–20.00 $18.33 -29.87
20–25 23 32 25.00–60.00 $43.28 -4.92
25 25 3 25.00–35.00 $30.00 -18.20
30 30 23 35.00–72.50 $54.46 -19.29
30 30 4 25.00–30.00 $26.25 -47.50
35 35 2 60.00–70.00 $65.00 -8.75
40–45 40 23 55.00–155.00 $91.52 +4.02
40 40 1 60.00 $60.00 -27.50
45 45 1 30.00 $30.00 -57.50
50 50 3 115.00–130.00 $121.67 +6.39
50 50 14 45.00–72.50 $55.89 -59.39
50 50 22 70.00–130.00 $99.89 -15.39
60 60 3 120.00–140.00 $133.33 +18.05
60 60 4 140.00–155.00 $146.25 +30.97
70–75 72 3 155.00–197.50 $180.83 +27.50
75 75 1 110.00 $110.00 -43.33
100 100 1 230.00 $230.00

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt AgeStage Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
50 50 4 92.50–105.00 $98.75 +32.08
50 50 14 45.00–125.00 $85.71 +19.04
50 50 5 135.00–160.00 $146.00 +79.33
50 50 8 50.00–70.00 $59.38 -7.29
70 70 3 150.00 $150.00 -10.00
75 75 Kids (<1 yr)Open 1 290.00 $290.00 +130.00
75 75 1 120.00 $120.00 -40.00
75 75 1 60.00 $60.00 -100.00
80 80 8 70.00–85.00 $78.75 -38.75
80 80 2 170.00–180.00 $175.00 +57.50
80 80 9 75.00–140.00 $112.78 -4.72
100 100 1 160.00 $160.00 -85.00
100 100 4 90.00–105.00 $93.75 -151.25
120 120 Kids (<1 yr)Open 1 300.00 $300.00 +115.00
125 125 Young (2-4 yrs)Open 1 215.00 $215.00 +30.00

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
35 35 3 25.00 $25.00 -16.83
40 40 2 45.00 $45.00 -5.00
40 40 1 25.00 $25.00 -25.00
40–48 42 18 32.50–95.00 $61.45 +11.45
50 50 1 40.00 $40.00 -10.00
55 55 2 80.00 $80.00 +30.00
60–65 62 3 42.50–60.00 $48.65 +6.15
60–68 65 8 37.50–45.00 $43.27 +0.77
70–75 74 4 10.00–16.00 $11.42 -38.58
75 75 2 37.50 $37.50 -12.50
80 80 7 75.00–100.00 $96.43 +9.76
88 88 3 40.00 $40.00 -30.00
88 88 2 50.00 $50.00 -20.00
90 90 1 25.00 $25.00 -45.00
95 95 4 40.00 $40.00 -8.00
100 100 4 72.50 $72.50

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N/N/A ($/cwt)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ ≈ $/hdΔ last sale
205 205 1 32.50 $32.50 $67
385 385 1 45.00 $45.00 $173 +15.00
425 425 1 38.00 $38.00 $162 +8.00
430–490 460 2 30.00–40.00 $35.33 $163 -0.71
480–485 483 2 5.00–18.00 $11.47 $55 -24.57

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
50 50 2 60.00–90.00 $75.00 -25.00

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N/N/A ($/head)
Weight (lb) Avg wt Head Price range Avg $ Δ last sale
70 70 1 120.00 $120.00
80 80 3 160.00–175.00 $166.67
100 100 2 165.00–180.00 $172.50 -12.50
150 150 1 390.00 $390.00

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What does "Medium and Large 1" mean?

USDA feeder grades describe frame size and muscle thickness, not quality of the individual animal. "Medium and Large" is the frame score; the number is muscle (1 = heaviest muscled). "Medium and Large 1–2" pens mix both muscle scores — common across the Southeast.

What is $/cwt?

Dollars per hundredweight — per 100 lb of animal. A 500-lb calf at $450/cwt brings 5 × $450 = $2,250. Lighter cattle usually bring more per cwt but less per head.

Why are some prices per head?

Bred cows, cow-calf pairs, and some replacement classes sell by the head, not by weight. We show those exactly as USDA reports them — a $/head figure is never converted into $/cwt on this site.

Where do these numbers come from?

From the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service's Livestock Market News — federal reporters at the sale. We publish each report in full and link the official USDA document at the top of the page.